At one time, Polygraph testing was seen as a gold standard of lie detection, and was used in interrogation with detained suspects of crimes. All the polygraph did, was measure body indicators, like breathing, heart rate, brain activity. They can tell if these measures are elevated at any given moment, but this is not a reliable or valid indicator of if someone is lying. It may be because the person is scared and stressed out while being illegally detained for 16 hours and threatened into confessing to a crime they didn't do for a plea deal. If you want to learn more about exoneration cases over the past decades, the Innocence Project does amazing work on this.

Cases - Innocence Project

One of my favorite political songs of all time is a biographical song about Cornelius Dupree by Cuban-American artist Lou Dominguez. Cornelius Dupree spent 30 years behind bars for a crime they did not commit, and refused to confess to.